Intrinsic or Extrinsic Motivation: Which one is better?

As Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, 'The only person you are destined to become is the person you decide to be.' So, what fuels your motivation?

What does motivation mean?

Motivation refers to the internal or external factors that drive and direct our behavior, actions, and goals. Motivation instills a sense of purpose and fulfillment in our endeavors. It gives us a reason to wake up each day with enthusiasm, knowing that our efforts are aligned with our values and aspirations. Motivation ignites a fire within us, keeping us engaged, passionate, and resilient even in the face of adversity. Motivation is not merely a fleeting emotion; it is a powerful force that drives us to strive for greatness, embrace challenges, and reach our goals. By understanding its significance and actively cultivating motivation in our lives, we can unlock boundless possibilities and live a life of purpose and fulfillment.

Striking a balance between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation is important, as excessive reliance on extrinsic rewards can limit long-term engagement and intrinsic satisfaction. Effectively combining both types of motivation can lead to a more holistic and sustainable approach to achieving goals and fostering personal growth. Let's deep dive into how.

What is Intrinsic motivation?

Intrinsic motivation refers to the intrinsic motivation and desire that arise within an individual to engage in an activity for its inherent satisfaction, pleasure, or personal fulfillment, rather than depending on external rewards or pressures. It is characterized by an underlying interest, curiosity, or passion towards the task at hand, and the individual engages in the activity simply because they find it inherently satisfying or worthwhile.

Internal Drive: Intrinsic motivation is driven by a person's inner desires, values ​​and interests. Motivation comes from within rather than being imposed by external factors. 

Pleasure and Satisfaction: Individuals experiencing intrinsic motivation find a sense of pleasure and satisfaction in the activity itself. The activity itself is rewarding and enjoyable, regardless of any external rewards or incentives.

Autonomy and Choice: Intrinsic motivation often flourishes when individuals have a sense of autonomy and choice in choosing and pursuing an activity. The freedom to explore, create, and decide fosters a strong intrinsic motivation.

Personal growth and mastery: Intrinsic motivation is closely linked to personal growth and the desire to develop skills, achieve mastery, and overcome challenges. The pursuit of excellence and the intrinsic satisfaction derived from progress and improvement fuel motivation.

Long Lasting and Durable: Internal motivation is more durable over time than external motivation. It can foster a deeper sense of engagement and commitment to an activity, which increases persistence and makes long-term goals more likely to be achieved.

Understanding intrinsic motivation is important because it allows individuals to take advantage of their internal drive and find fulfillment in their goals. By recognizing and nurturing intrinsic motivation, individuals can find greater satisfaction, enjoy their endeavors, and unleash their true potential.

Check out 32 hardcore morning motivational quotes for success to boost your intrinsic motivation.

What is Extrinsic Motivation?

Extrinsic motivation refers to motivation and desire that result from external factors, such as rewards, recognition, or punishment. It is characterized by engaging in an activity to achieve a concrete result or avoid negative consequences, rather than for the inherent pleasure or personal fulfillment derived from the activity.

Extrinsic Factors: Extrinsic motivation is influenced by external factors such as rewards, encouragement, praise, competition or fear of punishment. These external factors serve as the driving force behind engaging in a particular activity. 

Tangible Rewards: Individuals experiencing extrinsic motivation are motivated by external rewards or results that are separate from the activity itself. Examples include money, grades, trophies, promotions, or social recognition.

Result-Oriented: Extrinsic motivation focuses primarily on achieving a specific result or meeting an external expectation, rather than on deriving satisfaction from the process or activity.

 

Dependent on External Factors: Extrinsic motivation depends on the presence or absence of external factors. If the reward or incentive is not perceived as valuable or attainable, the motivation to engage in the activity may be reduced.

Short-term orientation: Extrinsic motivation often provides immediate gratification or meets immediate needs, making it more short-term oriented than intrinsic motivation. It may lack the long-term impact and stability found in intrinsic motivation.

Can Supplement Intrinsic Motivation: Extrinsic motivation can be used along with intrinsic motivation to encourage desired behavior or enhance performance. This can provide additional external reinforcement and validation, helping individuals achieve their goals.

Understanding extrinsic motivation is essential because it allows individuals and organizations to take advantage of extrinsic incentives to encourage desired behaviors and outcomes. While extrinsic motivation can be effective in some contexts, fostering intrinsic motivation is often desirable for long-term engagement, satisfaction, and personal growth.

Examples of Intrinsic Motivation: Motivation from Within

Activities contributing intrinsic motivation are as follows:

1. Pursuing a hobby: Hobbies such as painting, playing a musical instrument, gardening or writing can be driven by intrinsic motivation. Individuals derive pleasure and satisfaction from the joy of the creative process and self-expression.

2. Learning for the love of knowledge: When individuals start learning purely out of curiosity or thirst for knowledge, it is driven by intrinsic motivation. Exploring new subjects, reading books, taking online courses, or engaging in self-directed learning are examples of intrinsically motivated learning activities.

3. Solving puzzles and challenges: Activities that involve problem-solving, puzzles, or intellectual challenges, such as crosswords, sudoku, or escape room games, can be intrinsically motivating. Satisfaction comes from the process of using your mental abilities to overcome obstacles and find solutions.

4. Engaging in sports and physical activities: Participating in sports, yoga, dance or other physical activities can be driven by intrinsic motivation. The joy of movement, the sense of accomplishment in achieving personal fitness goals, or the thrill of competition can be intrinsically rewarding.

5. Engaging in creative writing or artistic expression: Activities such as writing stories, creating artwork, or composing music can be motivated by the joy of self-expression and the satisfaction derived from the creative process. The act of creating something unique and meaningful is intrinsically motivating.

6. Pursue personal goals: Setting and pursuing personal goals, whether related to career, personal development, or lifestyle changes, can be driven by intrinsic motivation. The desire for self-improvement, personal growth, and the satisfaction of achieving one's own aspirations is intrinsically beneficial.

7. Contributing to a cause or volunteering: Engaging in activities that contribute to a cause or involve volunteering can be intrinsically motivated. Satisfaction comes from making a positive impact, helping others, and aligning your actions with personal values ​​and a sense of purpose.

Intrinsic motivation varies from person to person, and the activities that drive intrinsic motivation can be unique based on individuals' interests, passions, and values.

Examples of Extrinsic Motivation: Motivation from External Factors

Activities contributing extrinsic motivation are as follows:

1. Working for pay or promotion: Many individuals engage in work primarily to earn a salary, earn a promotion, or receive a financial bonus. The extrinsic reward of money and career advancement serves as the primary motivator.

2. Studying for Grades: Students often study and engage in academic activities in order to earn higher grades or academic recognition. The extrinsic encouragement of good grades and academic achievements serves as extrinsic motivation for their efforts.

3. Completing Tasks for Recognition: Individuals may engage in tasks or projects to gain recognition or praise from others. It may be in the form of awards, certificates, public acknowledgment or positive feedback, which motivates their performance.

4. Participating in competitions for prizes: Participating in competitions like sports competitions, quiz competitions, or talent shows can be motivated by extrinsic motivation. The desire to win prizes, trophies or other extrinsic rewards serves as the primary motivator. 

5. Compliance with rules to avoid punishment: Compliance with rules, regulations or laws may be motivated by extrinsic motivation to avoid negative consequences such as fines, penalties or legal consequences.

6. Completing tasks for material rewards: Engaging in activities such as surveys, online tasks, or data collection for monetary rewards, gift cards, or other tangible incentives may be motivated by external factors.

7. Performance to meet external expectations: Individuals may engage in activities or act to meet the expectations of others, such as pleasing a boss, conforming to social norms, or standards set by authorities. 

8. Meeting deadlines or goals for job security: In the workplace, meeting deadlines or achieving goals can be driven by extrinsic motivation. Motivation stems from a desire to maintain job security, avoid negative performance appraisals, or receive a bonus.

Extrinsic motivation often plays a role in various aspects of our lives, especially in contexts where extrinsic rewards or consequences are present. However, it is important to note that the ideal balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation varies depending on the individual and the specific activity.

Intrinsic or Extrinsic Motivation: Which one is better?

The debate over the superiority of intrinsic or extrinsic motivation has been a topic of interest and discussion among researchers and scholars in the fields of psychology and motivation. Although both types of motivation have their merits, the question of which motivation is best is subjective and context dependent.

Intrinsic motivation is often associated with sustained engagement, creativity, and personal fulfillment. It can be especially effective in jobs that require innovation, problem-solving, and long-term commitment. On the other hand, extrinsic motivation can be more effective in tasks with clear goals, deadlines, and external evaluation.

The advantage of intrinsic motivation is to provide long-term intrinsic satisfaction and fulfillment. When individuals are motivated by their personal interests and values, they derive a sense of purpose and enjoyment from the activities themselves. This sustained inner satisfaction can lead to better well-being and personal growth. Extrinsic motivation, in the form of external rewards or punishments, can influence performance and behavior in the short term. The presence of extrinsic rewards can motivate individuals to meet specific goals and standards, which can lead to improved performance.

Excessive reliance on extrinsic motivation and external rewards can have some negative consequences. It can reduce intrinsic motivation, creativity and autonomy. When individuals become focused only on receiving rewards, they may lose interest in the activity and experience a decrease in intrinsic satisfaction.

The impact and effectiveness of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can vary based on individual differences, such as personality traits, values, and preferences. Some individuals may be more intrinsically motivated, while others may respond better to external rewards and incentives.

Rather than viewing intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as competing forces, a balanced approach that integrates both types of motivation can be beneficial. Recognizing the importance of intrinsic motivation for sustained engagement and personal fulfillment while incorporating appropriate extrinsic incentives can create a motivating environment that supports long-term success.

It is necessary to consider the specific task, context and personal factors when evaluating the superiority of intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. Ultimately, the effectiveness of motivation depends on aligning the right type of motivation with the individual's specific goals and needs and the current situation. 

A balanced approach that combines elements of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation may be most beneficial, as it allows individuals to leverage their intrinsic drive while taking advantage of extrinsic reinforcement when appropriate.

Benefits and advantages of intrinsic motivation

Intrinsic motivation provides many advantages and benefits that contribute to personal well-being, satisfaction, and long-term success. Here are some of the key benefits of intrinsic motivation: 

Sustained Engagement: 

Intrinsic motivation provides a deep level of involvement and sustained interest in activities. When individuals are intrinsically motivated, they willingly invest time and effort in tasks because they truly enjoy them. This continued engagement increases the chances of success and progress.

Greater creativity and innovation: 

Intrinsic motivation fosters creativity and innovation. When individuals are motivated by personal enjoyment and curiosity, they are more likely to search for new ideas, take risks, and think out of the box. This mindset can lead to innovative solutions and new approaches.

Enhanced Performance and Mastery: 

Intrinsic motivation drives individuals to excel and achieve mastery in their chosen areas of interest. The intrinsic enjoyment derived from the activity is what drives the motivation to improve, practice and acquire new skills. This dedication and focus on mastery often leads to a high level of performance and expertise.

Higher level of satisfaction: 

Engaging in activities driven by intrinsic motivation brings a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment. The joy derived from the process and the personal growth experienced throughout the journey contribute to a deep sense of well-being and satisfaction.

Sustained Motivation: 

Intrinsic motivation is more sustainable over time than extrinsic motivation. Since motivation stems from personal enjoyment and satisfaction, individuals are less dependent on external rewards or incentives to stay motivated. This self-reliant nature helps individuals maintain motivation in the face of challenges and setbacks.

Better goal achievement: 

Intrinsic motivation increases the chances of achieving long term goals. When individuals are truly passionate and driven by the inherent value of an activity, they demonstrate persistence, resilience, and a willingness to overcome obstacles. This determination and focus contribute to a higher likelihood of successfully reaching their goals.

Positive well-being and self-satisfaction: 

Engaging in activities driven by intrinsic motivation contributes to overall well-being and self-satisfaction. It allows individuals to align their actions with their personal values, interests and passions, fostering a sense of purpose and a deeper connection with their true selves.

Intrinsic motivation goes beyond immediate rewards and enters into the intrinsic satisfaction and fulfillment that comes from within. By developing and harnessing intrinsic motivation, individuals can experience greater joy, creativity, and personal growth in their actions.

Benefits and limitations of extrinsic motivation

Extrinsic motivation, while providing some benefits, also comes with some limitations that need to be considered. Here are the benefits and limitations of extrinsic motivation:

Benefits of Extrinsic Motivation:

Tangible Rewards: Extrinsic motivation provides extrinsic rewards such as money, recognition or rewards that can serve as tangible incentives to encourage desired behavior. These rewards can be tempting and provide instant gratification.

Goal Orientation: Extrinsic motivation can help individuals to set specific goals and work towards them. Extrinsic incentives can serve as benchmarks for progress and achievement, motivating individuals to meet goals and deadlines.

Increased Productivity: In some cases, extrinsic motivation can increase productivity. The presence of rewards or consequences can create a sense of urgency and focus, which motivates individuals to complete tasks efficiently and effectively.

Improving performance: Extrinsic motivation can improve performance, especially in activities where external evaluation and feedback play an important role. The desire to receive positive feedback or avoid negative consequences may motivate individuals to strive for higher levels of performance.

Limitations of Extrinsic Motivation:

Dependence on Extrinsic Rewards: Excessive reliance on extrinsic motivation can lead to dependence on extrinsic rewards, making individuals less intrinsically motivated. When rewards are removed, the motivation to engage in an activity may decrease.

Lack of creativity and inner joy: External motivation can become a hindrance to creativity and inner joy. When individuals focus solely on obtaining extrinsic rewards, they may prioritize meeting needs rather than exploring innovative approaches or finding personal fulfillment in the activity.

Short-Term Orientation: Extrinsic motivation often focuses on short-term goals and immediate rewards. This can lead to a lack of long-term vision or sustained motivation once immediate rewards are achieved.

Risk of undermining intrinsic motivation: In some cases, the introduction of extrinsic rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation. If individuals initially engage in an activity solely for pleasure, the introduction of extrinsic rewards may shift their focus to only seek rewards, reducing their intrinsic motivation.

Decreased autonomy and intrinsic drive: Extrinsic motivation can reduce a sense of autonomy and intrinsic drive, as individuals may feel controlled or compelled to engage in activities solely for extrinsic reasons rather than for their own interests or values .

Conclusion

The debate over whether intrinsic or extrinsic motivation is "better" is subjective and context dependent. Rather than looking for a definitive answer, it is important to recognize that the effectiveness of motivation varies between individuals and situations. What works for one person may not work for another.

The key lies in understanding and considering individual needs, priorities and goals. Some individuals may depend on the intrinsic satisfaction and personal satisfaction gained from activities, while others may find external incentives or rewards more motivating. It is essential to be self-aware and assess what motivates you personally, as well as respecting and supporting the unique motivational drivers of others.

By recognizing and respecting the diversity of motivations, we can foster a supportive environment that allows individuals to use their intrinsic and extrinsic motivation effectively. This inclusivity encourages collaboration, innovation and personal growth.

Now armed with a deeper understanding of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, take a moment to reflect on your motivations and aspirations. Consider activities that really get you motivated and energized. Find out how internal and external motivators can be harmonized to create a balanced approach that fuels your progress and fulfillment.

Evaluate your goals, align them with your values, and be intentional in setting goals, both internal and external, that align with you. Embrace the joy and personal growth that comes from engaging in activities driven by intrinsic motivation. Also, recognize the role of extrinsic incentives in providing reinforcement and accountability.

As you begin your journey, be mindful of the importance of balance and continually re-evaluate your motivation. Strive for a dynamic balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that empowers you to reach your full potential.

Remember, inspiration is a powerful force that can shape your path and propel your achievements. Embrace the unique interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, celebrate your progress, and enjoy the satisfaction that comes from achieving your goals with passion and purpose.